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HUGH O'NEILL, M.D.

Arch Otolaryngol. 1946;43(3):243-282.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text PDF and any section headings.

The head is righted by labyrinthine, tactile and optical stimuli; the body by proprioceptive and tactile stimuli acting separately upon both the body and the head. The orientation of the head and of the body takes place in relation to gravity, environment and parts of the body, and the integration of every single factor of this complicated function is doubly insured.—Magnus.¹

THE REFLEXES OF MAGNUS AND DE KLEIJN

The vestibular apparatus, the gyroscope of the head (McNally), by the controls exercised by the dynamic equilibratory semicircular canals and the static equilibratory maculas of the utricle, with ocular tactile, muscular and visceral senses, maintains the balance of the body. Quix expressed the belief that increased flexor tone resulted from pressure of the otolithic membranes on the macula, but to Magnus increased extensor tone followed the pulling of the otolithic membranes on the macula. The years 1907 and 1909 are important milestones . . . [Full Text PDF of this Article]

Author Affiliations
SANTA ANA, CALIF.

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