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Frank M. Kamer, MD; Andrew J. Mikaelian, MD; Jim English, MD; JIM ENGLISH, MD

Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1991;117(9):1000.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text PDF and any section headings.

The lower eyelids of an individual serve a dual purpose-function and aesthetics. When dealing with this anatomic entity surgically, one must maintain proper balance to achieve an optimum result. Vision is precious to us, and the ability to maintain adequate function is of paramount importance. Of additional significance is one's capacity to convey emotions through the lids' expressiveness. The disruption of either must be kept to a minimum to justify surgical change. Regretfully, their alteration leaves little room for error based on design, age, and the effects of gravity.

Over the past two centuries, many have tried to analyze, diagnose, and describe surgical techniques concerning the eyelids. Only in the last 70 years has the lower lid received its due share of attention. Today, with a better grasp of its anatomy and physiology, conservatism has won out and most techniques strive for a balance between function and aesthetics. The surgical . . . [Full Text PDF of this Article]

Author Affiliations
Little Rock, Ark

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