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Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2006;132:693.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text and any section headings.

Diagnosis: Maxillary osteomyelitis

Osteomyelitis of the maxilla is extremely rare because of its rich blood supply and thin cortical bone and because antibacterial therapy is usually effective.^1-4 It has no age or sex predilection.⁵ Typically, osteomyelitis arises from periodontal trauma in premolar and molar regions, with slight variance depending on its chronicity but typically causing localized pain, swelling, and purulence.^3-5

Osteomyelitis involves inflammation of bone, which commonly begins as an infection of the medullary spaces that extends to involve the periosteum of the affected area. The infection then becomes established in the cortical portion of the bone, leading to ischemia, necrosis, and sequestra.^3-6 Unlike osteomyelitis in other regions of the body, which is predominantly due to Staphylococcus aureus, osteomyelitis of the maxilla is typically a polymicrobial infection that is caused by the many types of odontogenic microbial flora. Both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, including S aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococci, Bacteriodes, . . . [Full Text of this Article]

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Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2006;132(6):691.
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