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An Unusual Orbital Foreign Body Resulting in the Orbital Apex Syndrome
Report of a Case
Darlene E. Lubbe, FC(ORL)SA;
Ivor Gardiner, FCS(SA)ORL;
Johannes J. Fagan, FCS(SA)ORL
Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2005;131:526-528.
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INTRODUCTION
We present the case of a patient with a transethmoidal penetrating injury to the contralateral orbital apex and optic nerve. Orbital apex fractures can be broadly classified as linear (not displaced), comminuted (with fragment displacement), and apex avulsion.1 The neurovascular anatomy of the orbital apex is complex, and injuries involving this area, directly or indirectly, can have different clinical outcomes. Numerous syndromes have been described depending on the combination of clinical findings. Clinical symptoms and signs do not always correlate with the degree of trauma or radiological findings. The neurovascular structures could be severely traumatized without an orbital apex fracture being present.
Known syndromes include the orbital apex syndrome (impaired function of cranial nerves II, III, IV, V1, and VI), the superior orbital fissure syndrome (impairment of cranial nerves III, IV, V1, and VI), the cavernous sinus syndrome (impairment . . . [Full Text of this Article]
REPORT OF A CASE
COMMENT
AUTHOR INFORMATION
Author Affiliations: Division of Otolaryngology, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town (Dr Lubbe); Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Frere Hospital, East London, Eastern Cape (Dr Gardiner); and Division of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cape Town, Cape Town (Dr Fagan), South Africa.
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