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What Can I Do About It?

Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2004;130:1114-1116.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text and any section headings.

Hypothesis: Patients older than 60 years are frequently seen by the otolaryngologist for voice complaints including hoarseness, effortful voicing, and voice fatigue. Because most of these patients have alterations in the neuromuscular physiology of the larynx, principally vocal fold paresis, rather than age-related changes of the larynx, they can be managed using modern techniques of vocal fold medialization and/or augmentation.

Figure appears in full text version. Steven Bielamowicz, MD

BACKGROUND

In contrast to the structures of the ear, the larynx continues to develop throughout adolescence and does not mature until approximately 17 years of age.¹ The maturation process involves a growth of the laryngeal framework and the position of the larynx within the neck, as well as a significant alteration in the layered structure of the vocal fold.² The changes in the vocal fold structure include the development of the vocal ligament and superficial layer of the lamina propria (SLP) through an organization of collagen, elastin, and . . . [Full Text of this Article]

PROS AND CONS

Differential Diagnosis

Surgical Treatment

Nonsurgical Treatments

BOTTOM LINE

Steven Bielamowicz, MD
From the Division of Otolaryngology, George Washington University, Washington, DC.

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