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Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1998;124:472-475.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text and any section headings.

Hypothesis:

Laryngology has seen many new diagnostic and therapeutic modalities in the last 20 years. Laryngeal electromyography (LEMG) is not new. Interest in the electrophysiologic characteristics of laryngeal function in normal and diseased states dates from the 1950s with the seminal LEMG studies of studies by Buchtal, Faborg-Anderson, and others. It received new impetus and interest in the 1980s with the use of LEMG for identification of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles for botulinum toxin injection in the management of spasmodic dysphonia (SD). With the rapid decrease in cost of computers and medical-grade AC amplifiers, today's electromyography (EMG) machine is portable, affordable, and easy to use. These factors have prompted some laryngologists to apply LEMG in clinical practice.

LEMG AND ITS APPLICATION

The degree and sophistication by clinicians in application of LEMG in laryngologic, voice, and swallowing disorders is quite variable. Since there are no overall standardized guidelines on what constitutes a well-trained laryngeal electromyographer and . . . [Full Text of this Article]

PRO

LEMG in Laryngeal Diagnosis

Indications for LEMG

Immobile Vocal Fold Evaluation

Site of Lesion Testing and Prognosis

Paresis Workup

SD, Tremor, and Laryngeal Movement Disorders

Evaluation of Synkinesis and Aberrant Reinnervation

Biofeedback and Swallow Assessment

Treatment Management

Intraoperative Nerve Monitoring

Treatment of SD

Swallow Biofeedback

CON

BOTTOM LINE

Peak Woo, MD
Department of Otolaryngology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY

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