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Sawako Hyo, MD; Ryo Kawata, MD; Keiichi Kadoyama, PhD; Naomi Eguchi, PhD; Takahiro Kubota, PhD; Hiroshi Takenaka, MD; Yoshihiro Urade, PhD

Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2007;133(7):693-700.

Objective  To clarify the relationship between prostaglandin D₂ production and eosinophil accumulation.

Design  Screening and diagnostic tests.

Subjects  Nineteen patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.

Interventions  Nasal polyps were obtained from 19 patients at endoscopic sinus surgery. Eosinophils in nasal polyps were counted after hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunostaining with antibodies against 2 eosinophil markers—major basic protein and EG2. Hematopoietic prostaglandin D₂ synthase (HPGDS) expression was examined by semiquantitative Western blot analysis and by immunohistochemical staining with anti-HPGDS antibody.

Results  Nasal polyps were divided into 3 groups by the degree of eosinophilic infiltration. Western blot analysis revealed that HPGDS was more intensely and frequently expressed in the group with high infiltration than in the groups with low or medium infiltration. Hematopoietic prostaglandin D₂ synthase was immunohistochemically found in a subpopulation of EG2-positive eosinophils that had accumulated in the nasal polyps but not in the EG2-negative resting eosinophils. The ratio of HPGDS-positive eosinophils to EG2-positive eosinophils in the group with high eosinophil infiltration (mean ± SD, 64.8% ± 19.2%) was twice that in the group with low eosinophil infiltration (30.5% ± 13.8%).

Conclusion  Prostaglandin D₂ was actively produced by an EG2 and HPGDS double-positive subpopulation of activated eosinophils that had infiltrated into nasal polyps.

Author Affiliations: Departments of Otorhinolaryngology (Drs Hyo, Kawata, and Takenaka) and Physiology (Dr Kubota), Osaka Medical College; and Department of Molecular Behavioral Biology, Osaka Bioscience Institute (Drs Hyo, Kadoyama, Eguchi, and Urade), Osaka, Japan.

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