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Impact of Nodal Metastases on Prognosis in Patients With Well-Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Nigel J. P. Beasley, FRCS;
John Lee, BSc;
Spiro Eski, MD;
Paul Walfish, MD;
Ian Witterick, MD;
Jeremy L. Freeman, MD
Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2002;128:825-828.
Objectives To study the clinical and pathological variables predicting lymph node
metastases in patients with well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma and to examine
the impact of these metastases on recurrence and survival.
Design Cohort study. Median follow-up, 56 months.
Setting Tertiary referral university teaching hospital.
Patients The study included 522 consecutive patients with well-differentiated
thyroid carcinoma treated between 1964 and 1999. Data were collected on age,
sex, family history of thyroid disease, prior radiation exposure, stage of
disease, pathological diagnosis, size of tumor, multifocality of disease,
recurrence, and survival.
Intervention Total thyroidectomy and postoperative iodine 131 ablation.
Main Outcome Measures Disease-free and overall survival.
Results A total of 347 patients with stage I disease and 118 with stage II disease
were identified. The median age of patients with neck disease was 3 years
younger than those without neck disease and most had papillary carcinoma.
Patients with multifocal disease were more likely to have neck disease (P = .02). On univariate analysis, disease-free and overall
survival rates were significantly lower in patients who presented with neck
node metastases (P<.001 and P = .005); this difference in survival remained highly significant
on multivariate analysis for disease-free survival (P = .001), with a relative hazard of 6.27.
Conclusions When treated with total thyroidectomy and routine postoperative iodine
131 ablation, patients with well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma who present
with neck node metastases outside the central compartment of the neck have
an approximately 6-fold risk of developing recurrences, most of which occur
in the neck.
From the Departments of Otolaryngology, (Drs Beasley, Eski, Witterick,
and Freeman and Mr Lee) and Medicine (Dr Walfish), Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto,
Ontario.
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