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Pediatric Head and Neck Malignancies
US Incidence and Trends Over 2 Decades
James T. Albright, MD;
Alan K. Topham, BA;
James S. Reilly, MD
Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2002;128:655-659.
Background Recent reports have noted an increase in the overall incidence of pediatric
cancer.
Objective To determine whether this trend is applicable to malignancies of the
head and neck in children.
Design Using the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and
End Results tumor database, we determined the incidence of all cancers diagnosed
from 1973 through 1996 in children younger than 19 years. This was compared
with the incidence of head and neck malignancies within the same population.
Rates were then determined for eight 3-year periods from 1973-1975 to 1994-1996
and adjusted by use of three 5-year age groups weighted by the 1970 US standard
population.
Results A total of 24 960 malignancies diagnosed in children younger than
19 years were identified for the study period. From this group, 3050 tumors
(12%) were located in the head and neck. The average annual rate of all cancer
(number of malignancies per 100 000 person-years) in children younger
than 15 years rose 25% from 11.22 (95% confidence interval [CI], 10.70-11.74)
for 1973-1975 to 14.03 (95% CI, 13.46-14.60) for 1994-1996. Among malignancies
of the head and neck, the incidence rate increased 35% from 1.10 (95% CI,
0.94-1.26) to 1.49 (95% CI, 1.30-1.68) during the same period.
Conclusion The incidence of head and neck malignancies among children younger than
15 years in the United States from 1973 through 1996 increased at a greater
rate than childhood cancer in general.
From the Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (Dr
Albright) and the Division of Oncology Data Services (Mr Topham), Thomas Jefferson
University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pa; and the Department of Surgery, Alfred
I. DuPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Del (Dr Reilly). Dr Albright
is now with the Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery,
Children's Hospital and Health Center, San Diego, Calif.
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