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Identification of 2 Regions of Loss—18q11.1-q12.3 and 18q21.1-q23

Jessica W. Jones, MD; Jeffrey R. Raval, MD; Theodore F. Beals, MD; Maria J. Worsham, PhD; Daniel L. Van Dyke, PhD; Ramon M. Esclamado, MD; Gregory T. Wolf, MD; Carol R. Bradford, MD; Tamara Miller, RN; Thomas E. Carey, PhD

Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1997;123(6):610-614.

Abstract
Objectives
To determine the frequency and regions of loss on chromosome arm 18q in uncultured head and neck squamous cell carcinomas.

Design
Polymerase chain reaction amplification of DNA extracted from 18 tumor specimens (1 patient had 2 tumors) and blood samples from 17 patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma was performed using primers flanking 16 microsatellite repeat polymorphisms spanning most of chromosome 18q. DNA was extracted only from specimens with greater than 70% tumor nuclei.

Setting
Research university.

Patients
Seventeen individuals with newly diagnosed head and neck cancer.

Main Outcome Measure
Loss of heterozygosity (LOH).

Results
There was LOH at more than 1 locus in 52% (9/17) of the tumors; 3 tumors had LOH at all informative markers. Four had loss at only 1 locus, raising the total with loss to 12 (75%) of 16. Loss of 18q11.1-q12.3 in 4 tumors without distal loss defines a proximal region of loss. Loss of heterozygosity affecting 18q21.1 in 1 tumor, without proximal loss and LOH for 18q21.1-18q22, or 18q23 in 9 (52%) of 17 tumors defines a distal region of loss.

Conclusions
Loss of heterozygosity on chromosome arm 18q is not an artifact of in vitro culture. The finding of 18q LOH in 50% to 70% tumors makes 18q an important region for study. Regions 18q11.1-q12.3 and 18q21.1-q23 are common regions of loss, indicating that there may be more than one 18q tumor suppressor gene involved in the genesis and progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas.

Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1997;123:610-614

Author Affiliations
From the Departments of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery (Drs Jones, Raval, Esclamado, Wolf, Bradford, and Carey and Ms Miller), and Pathology (Dr Beals), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; and the Laboratory of Cytogenetics, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Mich (Drs Worsham and Van Dyke). Dr Raval is now with the Department of Otolaryngology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo. Dr Worsham is now with the Department of Pathology, Henry Ford Hospital. Dr Esclamado is now with the Department of Otolaryngology and Communicative Disorders, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio.

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