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Jatin P. Shah, MD; Lucy H. Karnell, MA; Henry T. Hoffman, MD; Stephan Ariyan, MD; G. Stephen Brown, MD; Willard E. Fee, MD; Andrew G. Glass, MD; Helmuth Goepfert, MD; Robert H. Ossoff, MD; Amy Fremgen, PhD

Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1997;123(5):475-483.

Abstract
Objective
To assess case-mix characteristics, treatment patterns, and outcomes for laryngeal cancer using the largest series of patients to date.

Design
Analyses performed on retrospectively collected survey data submitted by hospitals for diagnostic periods 1980 through 1985 and 1990 through 1992 (with a 9-year follow-up for the long-term group).

Setting
Broad spectrum of US hospitals (N=769).

Patients
Consecutively accrued series of patients with laryngeal cancer (N=16 936), with only squamous cell carcinomas (N=16 16213) analyzed.

Interventions
Surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.

Main Outcome Measures
Descriptive analyses of case-mix, diagnostic, and treatment characteristics plus recurrence and 5-year, disease-specific survival out

Results
There was a slight increase across these years in stage IV disease and in radiation therapy (with or without surgery and/or chemotherapy). Overall diversity of management of this disease (by site and stage) was apparent. Five-year survival rates indicated a large difference between modified groupings of the T and N classifications, separating stages III and IV cases into localized disease (87.5% for T1-T2; 76.0% for T3-T4 cases) and regional metastasis (46.2%).

Conclusions
Regardless of improvements in entering data in hospital records (most commendably, staging), more rigorous standards are needed. Also, the small increase in advanced-stage patients indicates that efforts toward early detection have not been successful. The rise in radiation therapy perhaps reflected an increased use of nonsurgical treatment for early-stage patients and organ-sparing radiochemotherapy protocols for advanced-stage patients. Regrouping stages III and IV cases into localized disease vs regional metastasis appears to predict survival better. Ongoing refinements of the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging scheme will hopefully improve this cancer's classification.

Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1997;123:475-483

Footnotes
The affiliations of the authors appear in the acknowledgment section at the end of the article.

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