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Interleukin-8 Expression by Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Richard F. Cohen, MD;
Josephine Contrino, MD;
Jeffrey D. Spiro, MD;
Eric A. Mann, MD, PhD;
Lei L. Chen, MD, PhD;
Donald L. Kreutzer, PhD
Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1995;121(2):202-209.
Abstract
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Objective
To test the hypothesis that interleukin-8 (IL-8) is produced by human head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCAs) and may therefore be a possible mediator for lymphocyte recruitment and neovascularization by these tumors.
Methods
Nine fresh samples of HNSCCA were analyzed for expression of IL-8 antigen using radioimmunoassay and immunohistochemical staining techniques. Also, four short-term primary cultures of HNSCCA and two continuous HNSCCA cell lines were then analyzed for production of IL-8 expression under both baseline conditions and following stimulation with other cytokines.
Results
The IL-8 antigen was detected in all fresh rumor homogenates by radioimmunoassay (5.58 to 331.69 ng of IL-8 per gram of tissue), and immunohistochemical results localized staining predominantly within the tumor cells. Primary cultures of HNSCCA and continuous HNSCCA cell lines produced only low levels of IL-8 (0.04 to 4.49 ng of IL-8 per 106 cells) under baseline (unstimulated) conditions. Stimulation of both primary cultures and cell lines with interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor induced significant increases in IL-8 antigen, while other cytokines failed to induce a significant increase.
Conclusions
This study demonstrates that IL-8 antigen is expressed by HNSCCA in vivo, and that cultured HNSCCA in vitro can be stimulated to express IL-8 antigen by both interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor. Local production of IL-8 by HNSCCA cells, and its regulation by other cytokines, may be important in both the lymphocyte recruitment and tumor neovascularization seen in HNSCCA, and may thus ultimately affect the natural history of the disease.
(Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1995;121:202-209)
Author Affiliations
From the Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology (Drs Cohen, Spiro, Mann, and Kreutzer); the Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology (Dr Chen); and the Department of Pathology (Drs Contrino and Kreutzer), University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington.
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