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Robert H. Margolis, PhD; Deborah Rieks, MA; Eric M. Fournier, MA; Samuel E. Levine, MD

Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1995;121(1):44-55.

Abstract
Objective
Tympanic electrocochleography (ECOG) is a noninvasive technique for recording cochlear potentials with an electrode placed on the tympanic membrane. Electrocochleography is used clinically in the evaluation of patients for endolymphatic hydrops. This study was undertaken to obtain normative data for ECOG responses to clicks and tone bursts and to determine clinical indicators that result in high test specificities.

Design
Three cochlear potentials were measured; the eighth nerve compound action potential, the cochlear microphonic, and the summating potential. The subjects were 53 normal hearing adults with negative histories for symptoms of Meniere's disease. The ECOG responses were measured with a silver wire—rayon wick electrode that was placed on the tympanic membrane under direct microscopic visualization. Stimuli were condensation, rarefaction, and alternating polarity clicks and 1- and 2-kHz tone bursts.

Results
Measures that appear to be useful in the evaluation of endolymphatic hydrops include the summating potential to action potential ratio, action potential latency difference to condensation and rarefaction clicks, and the tone-burst—evoked summating potential. Relationships among these measures were investigated, and abnormal criteria were determined that result in test specificities of 95%.

Conclusions
Meniere's disease is viewed as a progressive disease in which ECOG characteristics vary with the disease state. Cases are presented to illustrate ECOG responses in various stages of the disease. The normative data presented in this article are useful for the detection of Meniere's disease in its early stages.

(Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1995;121:44-55)

Author Affiliations
From the Department of Otolaryngology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.

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