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Adjuvant Hyperbaric Oxygen in Malignant External Otitis
Jefferson C. Davis, MD;
George A. Gates, MD;
Charles Lerner, MD;
Merrit G. Davis, Jr, DO;
Jon T. Mader, MD;
Alan Dinesman, MD
Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1992;118(1):89-93.
Abstract
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• Necrotizing invasive pseudomonal infection of the external auditory canal (malignant external otitis) is an uncommon but important disorder in the elderly. The high morbidity, and even mortality, of this disorder has been reduced by the early and intensive use of combination antipseudomonal antibiotics. However, in severely immunocompromised patients or in infection involving the base of the skull, multiple cranial nerves, or the meninges, conventional therapy has been prolonged, intensive, and relatively ineffective. We treated 16 patients with malignant external otitis with adjuvant hyperbaric oxygen therapy. In six patients, infection was in advanced stages, infections were recurrences after previous treatment, and repeated treatment with antipseudomonal antibiotics had failed. All 16 cases responded promptly when a 30-day course of hyperbaric oxygen was added to the antibiotic regimen, and all patients remained free of infection or neurologic deficit during 1 to 4 years of follow-up. No complications of this treatment modality were noted. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy reverses tissue hypoxia, which enhances phagocytic killing of aerobic microorganisms, and stimulates neomicroangiogenesis. In addition, hyperbaric oxygen augments the action of aminoglycoside antibiotics. Adjuvant hyperbaric oxygen therapy should be considered in advanced or recurrent cases of malignant external otitis.
(Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1992;118:89-93)
Author Affiliations
From the Departments of Hyperbaric Medicine (Drs J.C. Davis and M.G. Davis) and Medicine (Dr Lerner), Southwest Texas Methodist Hospital, the Department of Otolaryngology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo (Dr Gates), the Department of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston (Dr Mader), and the Department of Otolaryngology, Northside Presbyterian Hospital, Albuquerque, NM (Dr Dinesman).
Footnotes
Accepted for publication May 9, 1991.
Deceased.
Reprint requests to the Department of Otolaryngology, Washington University School of Medicine, 517 S Euclid, Box 8115, St Louis, MO 63110 (Dr Gates).
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