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Albert W. Biglan, MD; Mark May, MD; Richard A. Bowers, MD

Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1988;114(12):1407-1412.

Abstract
• One hundred five patients received 391 graded injections of Clostridium botulinum type A toxin (Oculinum) to treat uncontrollable facial muscle spasm. Patients had essential blepharospasm (n = 61), hemifacial spasm (n = 24), or aberrant regeneration of the seventh cranial nerve (n = 20). Muscle spasms were reduced within two days of the first injection of toxin and, in most cases, the drug effect lasted three to four months. Control of facial muscle spasm was achieved in all patients. Complications related to treatment included transient blepharoptosis (n = 7), diplopia (n = 2), and altered facial expression (n = 11). Systemic side effects were not observed. Select chemodenervation of facial muscles with graded injections of botulinum toxin is a useful adjunct to control blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm, and facial spasm due to aberrant regeneration of the facial nerve.

(Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1988;114:1407-1412)

Author Affiliations
From the Departments of Ophthalmology (Drs Biglan and Bowers) and Otolaryngology (Dr May), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine.

Footnotes
Accepted for publication Sept 2, 1988.

Reprint requests to 3815 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3388 (Dr Biglan).

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ABSTRACT