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H. George Brennan, MD; F. Mark Rafaty, MD

Arch Otolaryngol. 1982;108(11):732-734.

Abstract
• The concept of total facial rejuvenation requires attention to all areas of the face, including the upper third. Recently there has been a resurgence of interest in this area of the aging face. Various clinical conditions may be seen as a single entity or in combination with others, and it is important for the facial aesthetic surgeon to diagnose and treat these conditions. The conditions first observed, diagnosis, and conventional surgical remedies are reviewed in an attempt to clarify the rationale for forehead lift v temple lift v browpexy v upper blepharoplasty. Mid-forehead glabellaplasty (vertical and longitudinal), browpexy, and rhytidectomy are analyzed in depth, as well as the indications, contraindications, technique, and results.

(Arch Otolaryngol 1982;108:732-734)

Author Affiliations
From the Schools of Medicine, University of California, Irvine (Dr Brennan) and Stanford (Calif) University (Dr Rafaty); Hoag Memorial Hospital, Newport Beach, Calif (Dr Brennan); and South Coast Community Hospital, South Laguna, Calif (Dr Brennan).

Footnotes
Accepted for publication June 9, 1982.

Read in part before the American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, New Orleans, Sept 19, 1981.

Reprint requests to 1441 Avocado Ave, Suite 204, Newport Beach, CA 92660 (Dr Brennan).

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