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Toby G. Mayer, MD; James A. Crabtree, MD

Arch Otolaryngol. 1976;102(12):744-746.

Abstract
• Congenital anomalies of the facial nerve are of great concern to the otologic surgeon. Nine cases from the literature are reviewed and three of our own are reported in which the facial nerve coursed inferior to the oval window. All cases were explored for congenital conductive hearing impairments and were accompanied by severe stapes abnormalities.

(Arch Otolaryngol 102:744-746, 1976)

Author Affiliations
From the Department of Otolaryngology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles.

Footnotes
Accepted for publication June 1, 1976.

Read before the Los Angeles Society of Otolaryngology, Los Angeles, November, 1974.

Reprint requests to 1300 N Vermont Ave, suite 508, Los Angeles, CA 90027 (Dr Crabtree).

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